TANKRED THIEM IN CAGLIARI FOR THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF DAV ITALIA

15/06/2017

Tankred Thiem has been a member of the administrative board of DAV Italia, the local division of the Association of German Attorneys (Deutscher Anwaltsverein – DAV), from its very founding. The organization will now celebrate its 10 years of activities during a three days event in Cagliari (16-18 June).

 

Mr. Tankred Thiem – who is admitted to both the German and Italian Bar – has been a member of the administrative board of DAV Italia for nearly ten years. His activities within the Association of German Attorneys are but one aspect of the long-lasting and wide spread German-Italian relationship, a context within which LGV, over the years, has established significant and highly productive ties with important German law firms and multinational companies.

As member of the board, Mr. Tankred Thiem contributed to the organization of the conference celebrating 10 years of activities of DAV Italia, the local division of the Association of German Attorneys (Deutscher Anwaltsverein – DAV), that will take place over the course of three days (16-18 June) in Cagliari. All the local DAV associations have been invited to celebrate this important anniversary. The German General Consul Mrs. Jutta Wolke of Milan and the former MP Oskar Pederline – currently a Professor at the University of Bolzano- will attend the conference as guest and speaker.

With over 67.000 members, DAV (German Attorneys Association) is the largest lawyer association in the world. It is structured in local and regional organizations and currently comprises 15 foreign organizations including DAV Italia. The activities of DAV are closely scrutinized by German media and political representatives alike and it functions both as a primary platform to maintain and strengthen networking capabilities as well as to gain expert insight in the latest developments in each particular legal branch.


TANKRED THIEM A CAGLIARI PER L’ANNIVERSARIO DI DAV ITALIA

15/06/2017

Tankred Thiem è membro del consiglio di DAV Italia, la divisione locale dell’Associazione degli Avvocati tedeschi (Deutsche Anwaltsverein – DAV), fin dalla sua fondazione. L’organizzazione festeggerà i suoi 10 anni di attività durante un evento di tre giorni a Cagliari (16-18 giugno).

 

Tankred Thiem, che ha conseguito l’abilitazione sia in Italia che in Germania, è  membro del consiglio di DAV Italia da circa dieci anni. Le attività svolte all’interno dell’Associazione degli Avvocati tedeschi (Deutsche Anwaltsverein – DAV) non sono che un aspetto del durevole e ampio rapporto italo-tedesco, un contesto all’interno del quale LGV, nel corso degli anni, ha stabilito legami significativi e altamente produttivi con importanti studi legali tedeschi e aziende multinazionali.

In qualità di membro del consiglio, Tankred Thiem ha contribuito all’organizzazione dell’evento che festeggerà i 10 anni di attività di DAV Italia, la divisione locale dell’Associazione, che si terrà nel corso di tre giorni (16-18 giugno) a Cagliari. Tutte le organizzazioni locali di DAV sono state invitate per celebrare questo importante anniversario. Alla conferenza parteciperanno il console generale tedesco Jutta Wolke di Milano e l’ex deputato Oskar Pederline – attualmente  professore presso l’Università di Bolzano – come ospite e relatore.

Con oltre 67.000 membri, DAV è la più grande associazione di avvocati nel mondo. È strutturata  in organizzazioni locali e regionali e comprende attualmente 15 organizzazioni straniere  tra cui DAV Italia. Le attività di DAV sono analizzate attentamente dai media tedeschi e dai rappresentanti politici. Funziona come piattaforma primaria per mantenere e rafforzare le capacità di networking, nonché per apprendere gli ultimi sviluppi in ogni settore di specializzazione legale.

 


SOLE DIRECTOR OR BOARD OF DIRECTOR OF AN S.P.A. SEIZURE OF COMPENSATION WITHOUT THE RESTRICTIONS SET BY ART. 545 OF THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE

01/06/2017

The Supreme Court (Joint Divisions), with judgment of 20 January 2017, no. 1545, have decided that a sole director or board of director of an S.p.A. (Italian public limited company) are both bound by a corporate relation which – considering the organic identity that occurs between the natural person and the entity, as well as the absence of a requirement of coordination – is not included among those provided under no. 3 of art. 409 c.p.c.. It follows that the compensation due to the above mentioned subjects for the functions carried out in a corporate context can be seized without the restrictions pursuant to the fourth paragraph of art. 545 c.p.c..

 

Following the expropriation of goods in the possession of third parties, upon commencement of such procedure by a bank against a debtor, the first instance judgment decided that the bank should be awarded the total sum set aside by the third parties by way of compensation for their activities. The debtor was a director of one of the third party companies subjected to the seizure as well as a member of the board of directors of one other of such companies. The debtor opposed the interim judgment of assignment, arguing that his activity should be qualified differently, in particular, according to the director, it should fall within the scope of application of Article 409 number 3 of the Code of Civil Procedure, so that in fact a restriction to the seizure would apply (up to a fifth of the salary). The Court upheld the director’s opposition, qualifying the work carried out by the debtor as self-employed, which therefore limited to a fifth the assignment of the sums set aside by the third parties subjected to the seizure. The bank filed a petition to the Supreme Court.

The query submitted to the Joint Divisions of the Supreme Court was whether the determination of the relationship between the public limited company and its director could be qualified as self-employment or autonomous work and, consequently, whether the restrictions on the seizure of salary, equal to one fifth of that, as provided by the fourth paragraph of art. 545 c.p.c., could apply to compensation and wages of the director.

Until the decision in this case, the case law amounted to several consecutive decisions that traced their origins back to the 1980s, and from which two orientations emerged. One of these excluded that, in the context of a governance relationship, there could be an identification of two distinct centres of interest between whom there is an exchange of services, because the regime applicable to S.p.A.s is regulated in such a way as to confer on the director-representative the structural attributions of a body, thereby excluding the existence of a relationship of self-employment and upholding the so-called organic theory. A different orientation was that represented by the so-called contractual theory, which traced the disputes in question to art. 409 no. 3 c.p.c., viewing the relationship between the director and the S.p.A. as possessing the features of continuity and coordination with the activity carried out by the company, features that are required by the regulation in order to determine the jurisdiction ratione materiae of the employment law Court.

A solution to that debate was initially found by the Supreme Court (Joint Divisions) with judgment no. 10680 in 1994, a decision that favoured the qualification of the governance relationship as autonomous work, pursuant to art. 409 no. 3 of the c.p.c., on the basis that “within the corporate organization there are obligatory relations that arise from a continuous, coordinated and prevalent activity, and it is irrelevant that the director is not in a weak contractual position vis-à-vis the company”.

With the present judgment, the Supreme Court (Joint Divisions), annulled the decision appealed by the creditor and rejected the opposition filed by the debtor. The Supreme Court held that the principle stated by the Court of first instance on the restrictions applicable to the credit was wrong, and instead decided that the compensation due to the directors for the activities carried out within a corporate context can be seized in their entirety.


SOLE DIRECTOR OR BOARD OF DIRECTOR OF AN S.P.A. SEIZURE OF COMPENSATION WITHOUT THE RESTRICTIONS SET BY ART. 545 OF THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE

01/06/2017

The Supreme Court (Joint Divisions), with judgment of 20 January 2017, no. 1545, have decided that a sole director or board of director of an S.p.A. (Italian public limited company) are both bound by a corporate relation which – considering the organic identity that occurs between the natural person and the entity, as well as the absence of a requirement of coordination – is not included among those provided under no. 3 of art. 409 c.p.c.. It follows that the compensation due to the above mentioned subjects for the functions carried out in a corporate context can be seized without the restrictions pursuant to the fourth paragraph of art. 545 c.p.c..

 

Following the expropriation of goods in the possession of third parties, upon commencement of such procedure by a bank against a debtor, the first instance judgment decided that the bank should be awarded the total sum set aside by the third parties by way of compensation for their activities. The debtor was a director of one of the third party companies subjected to the seizure as well as a member of the board of directors of one other of such companies. The debtor opposed the interim judgment of assignment, arguing that his activity should be qualified differently, in particular, according to the director, it should fall within the scope of application of Article 409 number 3 of the Code of Civil Procedure, so that in fact a restriction to the seizure would apply (up to a fifth of the salary). The Court upheld the director’s opposition, qualifying the work carried out by the debtor as self-employed, which therefore limited to a fifth the assignment of the sums set aside by the third parties subjected to the seizure. The bank filed a petition to the Supreme Court.

The query submitted to the Joint Divisions of the Supreme Court was whether the determination of the relationship between the public limited company and its director could be qualified as self-employment or autonomous work and, consequently, whether the restrictions on the seizure of salary, equal to one fifth of that, as provided by the fourth paragraph of art. 545 c.p.c., could apply to compensation and wages of the director.

Until the decision in this case, the case law amounted to several consecutive decisions that traced their origins back to the 1980s, and from which two orientations emerged. One of these excluded that, in the context of a governance relationship, there could be an identification of two distinct centres of interest between whom there is an exchange of services, because the regime applicable to S.p.A.s is regulated in such a way as to confer on the director-representative the structural attributions of a body, thereby excluding the existence of a relationship of self-employment and upholding the so-called organic theory. A different orientation was that represented by the so-called contractual theory, which traced the disputes in question to art. 409 no. 3 c.p.c., viewing the relationship between the director and the S.p.A. as possessing the features of continuity and coordination with the activity carried out by the company, features that are required by the regulation in order to determine the jurisdiction ratione materiae of the employment law Court.

A solution to that debate was initially found by the Supreme Court (Joint Divisions) with judgment no. 10680 in 1994, a decision that favoured the qualification of the governance relationship as autonomous work, pursuant to art. 409 no. 3 of the c.p.c., on the basis that “within the corporate organization there are obligatory relations that arise from a continuous, coordinated and prevalent activity, and it is irrelevant that the director is not in a weak contractual position vis-à-vis the company”.

With the present judgment, the Supreme Court (Joint Divisions), annulled the decision appealed by the creditor and rejected the opposition filed by the debtor. The Supreme Court held that the principle stated by the Court of first instance on the restrictions applicable to the credit was wrong, and instead decided that the compensation due to the directors for the activities carried out within a corporate context can be seized in their entirety.


SOLE DIRECTOR OR BOARD OF DIRECTOR OF AN S.P.A. SEIZURE OF COMPENSATION WITHOUT THE RESTRICTIONS SET BY ART. 545 OF THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE

01/06/2017

The Supreme Court (Joint Divisions), with judgment of 20 January 2017, no. 1545, have decided that a sole director or board of director of an S.p.A. (Italian public limited company) are both bound by a corporate relation which – considering the organic identity that occurs between the natural person and the entity, as well as the absence of a requirement of coordination – is not included among those provided under no. 3 of art. 409 c.p.c.. It follows that the compensation due to the above mentioned subjects for the functions carried out in a corporate context can be seized without the restrictions pursuant to the fourth paragraph of art. 545 c.p.c..

 

Following the expropriation of goods in the possession of third parties, upon commencement of such procedure by a bank against a debtor, the first instance judgment decided that the bank should be awarded the total sum set aside by the third parties by way of compensation for their activities. The debtor was a director of one of the third party companies subjected to the seizure as well as a member of the board of directors of one other of such companies. The debtor opposed the interim judgment of assignment, arguing that his activity should be qualified differently, in particular, according to the director, it should fall within the scope of application of Article 409 number 3 of the Code of Civil Procedure, so that in fact a restriction to the seizure would apply (up to a fifth of the salary). The Court upheld the director’s opposition, qualifying the work carried out by the debtor as self-employed, which therefore limited to a fifth the assignment of the sums set aside by the third parties subjected to the seizure. The bank filed a petition to the Supreme Court.

The query submitted to the Joint Divisions of the Supreme Court was whether the determination of the relationship between the public limited company and its director could be qualified as self-employment or autonomous work and, consequently, whether the restrictions on the seizure of salary, equal to one fifth of that, as provided by the fourth paragraph of art. 545 c.p.c., could apply to compensation and wages of the director.

Until the decision in this case, the case law amounted to several consecutive decisions that traced their origins back to the 1980s, and from which two orientations emerged. One of these excluded that, in the context of a governance relationship, there could be an identification of two distinct centres of interest between whom there is an exchange of services, because the regime applicable to S.p.A.s is regulated in such a way as to confer on the director-representative the structural attributions of a body, thereby excluding the existence of a relationship of self-employment and upholding the so-called organic theory. A different orientation was that represented by the so-called contractual theory, which traced the disputes in question to art. 409 no. 3 c.p.c., viewing the relationship between the director and the S.p.A. as possessing the features of continuity and coordination with the activity carried out by the company, features that are required by the regulation in order to determine the jurisdiction ratione materiae of the employment law Court.

A solution to that debate was initially found by the Supreme Court (Joint Divisions) with judgment no. 10680 in 1994, a decision that favoured the qualification of the governance relationship as autonomous work, pursuant to art. 409 no. 3 of the c.p.c., on the basis that “within the corporate organization there are obligatory relations that arise from a continuous, coordinated and prevalent activity, and it is irrelevant that the director is not in a weak contractual position vis-à-vis the company”.

With the present judgment, the Supreme Court (Joint Divisions), annulled the decision appealed by the creditor and rejected the opposition filed by the debtor. The Supreme Court held that the principle stated by the Court of first instance on the restrictions applicable to the credit was wrong, and instead decided that the compensation due to the directors for the activities carried out within a corporate context can be seized in their entirety.